tomcat 启动流程01
通过debug 分析tomcat启动流程
1.tomcat启动入口
2、初始化Catalina对象
1. 初始化内容:反射实例话Catalina并添加ClassLoader
初始化入口
public static void main(String args[]) {//args 参数是start, stop 等等 if (daemon == null) { // Don't set daemon until init() has completed Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap(); try { bootstrap.init();//初始化Catalina对象,参考catalinaDaemon
bootstrap.init会初始化一个Catalina对象,并给其中的ClassLoader赋值
classLoader成员变量
/** * The shared extensions class loader for this server. */ protected ClassLoader parentClassLoader =Catalina.class.getClassLoader();
2、初始化Catalina的classloader
//tomcat 的3个相关classloader ClassLoader commonLoader = null; ClassLoader catalinaLoader = null; ClassLoader sharedLoader = null; // -------------------------------------------------------- Private Methods private void initClassLoaders() { try { commonLoader = createClassLoader("common", null); if( commonLoader == null ) { // no config file, default to this loader - we might be in a 'single' env. commonLoader=this.getClass().getClassLoader(); } catalinaLoader = createClassLoader("server", commonLoader); sharedLoader = createClassLoader("shared", commonLoader);
上述initClassLoaders方法会读取${TOMCAT_HOME}/conf/catalina.properties文件,读取要loader的jar包配置
注意,tomcat在catalina.properties 配置文件中指定了:common.loader,catalina.loader,shared.loader但是后2者的配置都为空,网上说是shared.loader 是分享公共的,没有配置的意义。
从上述的initClassLoaders 可以看出使用creatteClassLoader("","") 创建后两者的loader时,都传入了commonLoader, 这样,配置为空,catalinaLoader 其实还是commonLoader.备注:tomcat使用了org.apache.catalina.startup.CatalinaProperties封装tomcat/conf/catalina.properties文件,其读取配置文件的方式值得学习,代码如下:
private static void loadProperties() { InputStream is = null; Throwable error = null; try { String configUrl = System.getProperty("catalina.config"); if (configUrl != null) { is = (new URL(configUrl)).openStream(); } } catch (Throwable t) { handleThrowable(t); } if (is == null) { try { File home = new File(Bootstrap.getCatalinaBase()); File conf = new File(home, "conf"); File propsFile = new File(conf, "catalina.properties");
学习之处:可以看到,第一步是判断有没有catalina.config 指定catalina.conf的配置路径,没有该-D参数才会使用tomcat/conf下的该配置。这个值得学习。
3、反射创建Catalina对象,并设置classLoader
public void init() throws Exception { initClassLoaders(); Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(catalinaLoader); SecurityClassLoad.securityClassLoad(catalinaLoader); // Load our startup class and call its process() method if (log.isDebugEnabled()) log.debug("Loading startup class"); **Class startupClass = catalinaLoader.loadClass("org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina");** Object startupInstance = startupClass.getConstructor().newInstance(); // Set the shared extensions class loader if (log.isDebugEnabled()) log.debug("Setting startup class properties"); **String methodName = "setParentClassLoader";** Class paramTypes[] = new Class[1]; paramTypes[0] = Class.forName("java.lang.ClassLoader"); Object paramValues[] = new Object[1]; paramValues[0] = sharedLoader; Method method = startupInstance.getClass().getMethod(methodName, paramTypes); method.invoke(startupInstance, paramValues); catalinaDaemon = startupInstance; }
3、设置Catalina对象为BootStrap的catalinaDaemon 成员变量
private Object catalinaDaemon = null; //catalinaDaemon 是Catalina对象,该对象的parentClassLoader 属性是sharedClassloader 也就是commonClassLoader
我们可以看到,其中的catalinaDaemon 的声明是Object类型的,降低了tomcat和Catalina的耦合,而且编译Bootstrap时不用提供Catalina的依赖。